Imixholo esisiseko efunekayo kukhetho lweemoto zezi: uhlobo lomthwalo oqhutywayo, amandla alinganisiweyo, amandla ombane alinganisiweyo, isantya esikalisiweyo, kunye nezinye iimeko.

1. Uhlobo lomthwalo oza kuqhutywa luthethwa ngokuphambeneyo kwiimpawu zemoto.IiMoto zinokwahlulwa ngokulula zibe ziinjini ze-DC kunye neenjini ze-AC, kwaye i-AC yohlulwe kwakhona ibe ziimotor ezilungelelanisiweyo kunye neenjini ezilinganayo.

Iingenelo zemoto ye-DC zinokuhlengahlengisa ngokulula isantya ngokutshintsha i-voltage, kwaye inokubonelela ngetorque enkulu.Ilungele imithwalo efuna ukulungelelanisa isantya rhoqo, njengee-mills ezijikelezayo kwiintsimbi zetsimbi, ii-hoists kwimigodi, njl.Nangona kunjalo, nangona ixabiso leemoto eziguquguqukayo ezijikelezayo lingabizi kakhulu kuneemotor eziqhelekileyo, ixabiso lee-motor converters lithatha inxalenye enkulu yesethi yonke yezixhobo, ngoko ke enye inzuzo yeenjini ze-DC kukuba ziphantsi.Ukungalungi kweemoto ze-DC kukuba isakhiwo sinzima.Ngethuba nje nasiphi na isixhobo sinesakhiwo esinzima, ngokuqinisekileyo siya kukhokelela ekunyukeni kwezinga lokungaphumeleli.Xa kuthelekiswa neenjini ze-AC, ii-motor ze-DC azikho nzima kuphela kwi-windings (i-excitation windings, i-winding pole yokujikeleza, i-wingings yembuyekezo, i-armature windings), kodwa yongeza imisesane yokutyibilika, iibrashi kunye nabahambi.Akunjalo kuphela iimfuno zenkqubo yomenzi ziphezulu, kodwa iindleko zokugcinwa kwixesha elizayo nazo ziphezulu.Ngoko ke, iimoto ze-DC kwizicelo zemizi-mveliso zikwimeko ehlazisayo apho ziyancipha ngokuthe ngcembe kodwa zisenendawo kwinqanaba lenguqu.Ukuba umsebenzisi unemali eyaneleyo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukhethe iskimu se-AC motor ene-frequency converter.

2. Injini yeAsynchronous

Iingenelo zee-asynchronous motors ziyisakhiwo esilula, ukusebenza okuzinzileyo, ukugcinwa okufanelekileyo kunye nexabiso eliphantsi.Kwaye inkqubo yokuvelisa nayo ilula kakhulu.Ndivile kwigcisa elidala kwindawo yokusebenzela ukuba kuthatha iimotor ezimbini ezilungelelanisiweyo okanye iimotor ezine zeasynchronous zamandla afanayo ukudibanisa injini yeDC.Oku kuyabonakala.Ke ngoko, ii-asynchronous motors zezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu kushishino.

2. Amandla alinganisiweyo

Amandla alinganisiweyo emoto abhekisa kumandla aphumayo, oko kukuthi, amandla e-shaft, ekwabizwa ngokuba ngumthamo, eyiparameter ye iconic yemoto.Abantu bahlala bebuza ukuba inkulu kangakanani imoto.Ngokuqhelekileyo, ayibhekiseli kubungakanani benjini, kodwa kumandla alinganisiweyo.Sesona salathisi sibalulekileyo ukulinganisa umthamo womthwalo wokutsala wemoto, kwaye ikwayimfuno yeparameter ekufuneka ibonelelwe xa kukhethwe imoto.

Umgaqo wokukhetha ngokuchanekileyo umthamo wemoto kufuneka ube sesona sigqibo sinoqoqosho kunye nesona sifanelekileyo kumandla emoto phantsi kwesiseko sokuba imoto inokuhlangabezana neemfuno zomthwalo womatshini wemveliso.Ukuba amandla makhulu kakhulu, utyalo-mali lwezixhobo luya kunyuka, lubangele inkunkuma, kwaye i-motor ihlala ibaleka phantsi komthwalo, kwaye ukusebenza kakuhle kunye namandla ombane we-AC motor aphantsi;ngokuchaseneyo, ukuba amandla amancinci kakhulu, i-motor iya kulayishwa kakhulu, ibangele ukuba i-motor isebenze ngaphambi kwexesha.umonakalo.Kukho izinto ezintathu ezibonisa amandla amakhulu emoto: 1) ukufudumeza kunye nokunyuka kweqondo lokushisa kwemoto, ezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekunqumeni amandla emoto;2) umthamo wexesha elifutshane ogqithisiweyo uvunyelwe;3) umthamo wokuqalisa kufuneka uphinde uqwalaselwe kwi-asynchronous squirrel cage motor.

3. Ixabiso lombane

I-voltage elinganisiweyo ye-motor ibhekisela kumbane womgca kwimowudi yokusebenza ehleliweyo.Ukukhethwa kombane olinganisiweyo wemoto kuxhomekeke kumbane wombane wenkqubo yamandla kwishishini kunye nobukhulu bomthamo wemoto.

I-motor kunye noomatshini abasebenzayo abaqhutywa yiyo banesantya sabo esilinganisiweyo.Xa ukhetha isantya se-motor, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba isantya akufanele sibe phantsi kakhulu, kuba isantya esisezantsi se-motor, ngakumbi inani lezigaba, likhulu umthamo kunye nexabiso eliphezulu;ngelo xesha, isantya semoto akufanele sikhethwe kakhulu.phezulu, njengoko oku kuya kwenza ukuba usasazo lubenzima kakhulu kwaye kube nzima ukulugcina.Ukongeza, xa amandla ehlala engatshintshi, i-motor torque ihambelana ngokungafaniyo nesantya.

Ngokubanzi, i-motor inokumiselwa ngokuthe ngqo ngokubonelela ngohlobo lomthwalo oqhutywayo, amandla alinganisiweyo, amandla ombane alinganisiweyo, kunye nesantya esilinganiselweyo semoto.Nangona kunjalo, ezi parameters zisisiseko zikude nokwanela ukuba iimfuno zomthwalo ziza kuhlangatyezwa ngokupheleleyo.Iiparamitha ezikwafuneka zibonelelwe zibandakanya: ukuphindaphinda, inkqubo yokusebenza, iimfuno zokugcwala, iklasi yokugquma, iklasi yokhuselo, umzuzu we-inertia, ijiko lokumelana nomthwalo, indlela yokufakela, ubushushu bemozulu, ukuphakama, iimfuno zangaphandle, njl. kwiimeko ezithile.